The process of creating cosmetics involves a journey from sourcing raw materials to formulating and then manufacturing the final product. It will be interesting to look at the ingredients used in eyeshadow, foundation, and lip gloss, and the process of mixing the various ingredients and formulating the end products.
Eyeshadow.
The basic ingredients used in eyeshadow are mica, binders, preservatives, and pigments. Mica is a naturally occurring mineral dust which is commonly used in manufacturer makeup products due to its glittering properties. Binders are used to keep the powdered eyeshadow together. Preservatives are used to extend its usable life, and pigments are used to give the eyeshadow colour. Talcum powder or kaolin clay may also be added to reduce the intensity of the colours.
Foundation.
Foundation is made up of water, emollients, pigments, and preservatives. Water is the basis of liquid foundation, and emollients such as oils and waxes are added to make for smooth application and give the skin a soft appearance. Pigments can be modified to match a broad range of skin tones. Some foundations also contain ingredients to give protection from the sun. Nowadays foundation can often include vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants for added skincare benefits.
Lip Gloss.
The major ingredients in lip gloss are lanolin or jojoba oil, emollients, and waxes. They combine to give lip gloss its characteristic smooth, shiny appearance. Some lip glosses also contain tiny amounts of mica for a glistening effect. Flavours, colours, and preservatives are also added to give variety and longevity.
Mixing and Formulating Makeup.
The manufacture of makeup usually starts with the creation of a base. With eyeshadow, this base also includes a binder and filler. Then, pigments are gradually added and mixed until the desired shade appears. The ingredients for foundation and lip gloss are usually mixed in a specific order to create consistency. The mixtures then pass through a process to ensure everything is evenly mixed to give the product a smooth texture. For powder products, this mixture is then pressed into pans. For liquid products, the mixture is usually poured directly into its final packaging. Quality control tests are then carried out on the final product.
Common Ingredients Used in Makeup.
Here are the most common ingredients which are combined to make cosmetics: Mica is a mineral dust which gives a shimmering effect. Talc is a soft mineral used to reduce the intensity of pigments. Titanium Dioxide is used as a white pigment, and also in sunscreen. Zinc Oxide is a white pigment used for colour, and also in sunscreen. Iron Oxides are pigments used to provide colour. Parabens are preservatives used to prevent the growth of bacteria and mould. Silicones give products a smooth application and a pleasant texture. Fragrance refers to ingredients used to scent products. Lead is a heavy metal that can sometimes contaminate cosmetics, particularly lipstick. Mineral Oil is used for its moisturizing properties. All of these ingredients have been tested and are regulated for use in cosmetics. With the exception of lead, they are all considered safe for their relative applications.
